Gas fueled simmer burner with flame retaining ports



N0V- 25, 1952 P. s. HARPER ET AL 2,519,164

GAS FUELED SIMMER BURNER WITH FLAME RETAINING PORTS Filed sept. as, 1945 2 SHEETS- SHEET 1 i iw?? NOV- 25, 1952 P. s. HARPER ET Ax. 2,619,164

GAS FUELED SIMMER BURNER WITH FLAME RETAINING PORTS Filed Sept. 28, 1945 2 SHEETS--SHEET 2 Patented Nov. 25, 1952 UNE? .Il7 'ES Erice GAS FUELED SIMMER BURNER WKTH FLAME RETAINING PORTS per Trust Application September 28, 1945, Serial No. 619,104

10 Claims.

The present invention relates to gas burners and more particularly to simmer gas burners which form the smaller of the two burner sections of a double gas burner used for cooking purposes.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved burner and especially a small diameter burner which will distribute a small amount of heat over a large area and having an improved heat distribution above the burner and radially outward therefrom.

A further object of the present'invention is to provide a new and improved burner having good heat distribution and which can be turned down to a very low heat output without extinguishing the fiames, thus providing greater stability over a wide range of gas input rates.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved simmer burner provided with means for protecting the flames from products of combustion given oli by lighter ports which may be located below it.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved burner of the character aforesaid which can be readily manufactured by usual production processes and which preferably comprises an assembly of two or three members.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved gas burner having a plurality of angularly spaced apart ports so constructed and arranged that a plurality of ames are projected generally radially and horizontally outwardly to obtain good heat distribution and also having means for positively lighting the gas issuing from the ports, which means comprises gas escapement means between the ports preferably including a slot extending around the burner and in close proximity to the ports.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved small diameter burner which can be located close to an overlying pot without danger of having the flames impinge against the pot, thus avoiding poor combustion which would occur as a result of such impingement.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the ensuing description in the course of which reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a tcp plan View of a double gas burner including a simmer burner constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross sectional view of the burner illustrated in Fig. l and taken along the fline 2 2 of the latter gure;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the burner, partly broken away, in order to provide a side elevational view of the simmer burner;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged horizontal cross sectional view of the simmer burner taken along the line 5 4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a vertical cross sectional view through the simmer burner assembly taken along the line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a bottom plan View of a top or cap 0f the simmer burner assembly; K

Fig. 'T is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a double burner including a modified form of simmer burner constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a vertical cross sectional view taken alcngthe line 8 8 of Fig. '7;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 but illustrating the simmer burner assembly in elevation;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged horizontal cross sectional view through the simmer lburner taken along the line lll-l!) of Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary vertical cross sectional View through another double burner including another modification of a simmer burner constructed in accordance with the present invention, the view being taken along the line H ll of Fig. 14;

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 11 but taken along the line I2 I 2 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 13 is a view taken along the line l3 |3 of Fig. 11 and illustrating the top member of the two part burner cap of this embodiment of the invention; and

Fig. 14 is a horizontal cross sectional view taken along the line id lt of Fig. 11 and illustrating the bottom member of the two part cap.

A burner constructed in accordance with the present invention 4may be made very small in size, distinctive in appearance, and it has a very good heat distribution, is stable in operation, even in a low turn down range, and may be used with various types of gases. Briefiy, the burner is constructed with a small number of ports supplied with gas at a high rate to provide the heat required to maintain boiling in a normal cooking operation and from which the heat is distributed both above and over a wide area radially beyond the burner, which is especially advantageous when using cooking utensils having poor heat conductivity. In addition, the burner includes means for positively lighting the gas issuing from the various ports, which means includes gas escapement means located between and in proximity to the :rst mentioned ports and supplying a restricted amount of gas for ignition purposes and for improving stability of operation.

3 Referring now to the drawings and more particularly to Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, the present invention has been illustrated as being embodied in a simmer burner indicated as a whole by reference character I0, although it should be understood, as previously indicated, that the burners of the present invention may be applied to other types of burners. The simmer burner comprises a part of a double burner including also a main burner I2, the construction of which forms no part of the present invention but which, as a matter of fact, may be constructed along the lines of and including features disclosed and claimed in the copending applications of Philip S. Harper et al. Serial No. 379,618, led February 19, 1941 (which issued as Patent No. 2,386,113 on October 2, 1945 and which in turn was reissued as Patent No. Re. 22,877 on May 13, 1947) of Philip S. Harper, Serial No. 533,159, illed April 28, 1944 (which issued aS Patent NO. 2,486,278 on 'f October 25, 1949) and of Philip S. Harper, Serial No. 610,272, filed August 11, 1945 (now abandoned).

The simmer burner of the present invention is preferably constructed as an assembly including a top cap I4 secured in assembled relation with a bushing I6 whereby the assembly may be readily secured to the upper end of a, mixing tube I8 of conventional construction and through which gas is supplied to the burner. Gas is supplied to the main burner I2 through a mixer tube having an upwardly extending portion 22 to which the main burner base 24 is suitably and detachably secured, as by screws 26. The flow of gas to the two burner sections may be con- L trolled in suitable manner as by a double gas valve constructed and arranged so that gas may be supplied to the simmer burner alone or to both burners. The burners may be ignited in suitable manner as, for instance, in the manner disclosed and claimed in the previously referred to copending application Serial No. 610,272. The simmer burner is first lighted and the main burner is lighted from the simmer burner by means including a lighter slot 28 (see Fig. 1) extending across the top of the main burner section.

The main burner includes a top or cap 30 detachably secured to the base 24 as by a bayonet type connection including fastening element 32 secured to the central downwardly depending portion 34 of the top 30, which may be constructed as disclosed and claimed in the previously referred to copending applications, Serial Nos. 379,618, 533,139 and 610,272.

The main burner includes a plurality of generally radially outwardly and upwardly inclined gas outlet or escapement ports 36. These ports are of relatively large size so that a relatively large quantity of gas flows therethrough to provide the main burner flames.

The simmer burner of the present invention includes, as already indicated, the cap I4 and the bushing I6. The two parts may be readily and simply manufactured individually and then assembled. It is preferred that the bushing have an annular upper portion fitting closely within an enlarged cylindrical bore 42 at the lower end of the cap I4. The parts may be held in assembled relation as by a press t and the t may be supplemented by suitable means, as by crimping the lower end of the cap around the upper end of the bushing, as indicated by reference character 44 (see Fig. 2).

The simmer burner assembly may be readily 4 attached to the upper end of the mixer tube I8 as by a threaded connection, the cap I6 being provided with a smaller diameter externally threaded portion 46 adapted to be threaded into internal threads at the upper end of the mixer tube I8.

The burner of the present invention is characterized by its efllcient distribution of a small amount of heat over a large area both near the center of and beyond the burner structure. The construction is also such that the flames may be turned down to provide a very low heat output without extinction of the llames. In addition, means are provided for positively lighting the gas issuing from one port from a flame at another. The burner also includes means for projecting a plurality of distinct flames in a geneially radially outward and horizontal direction whereby the flames are made effective over a wide area and even though a small burner be utilized. Likewise, the flames do not mpinge upon an overlying pot so that good combustion obtains.

Referring now again to the drawings, it may be noted that the cap I4 is provided with a plurality of angularly spaced apart radial gas outlet ports 5D communicating with the tubular opening 52 in the bushing through generally radially extending internal cavities 54 and a central recess or chamber 56 within the cap. The gas issuing from the ports is thus directed radially and horizontally outward to provide a llame centrally located with respect to the main burner, which is preferably provided with a generally upwardly and outwardly inclined portion 58 so that the llames from the simmer burner will not impinge thereagainst and will be held therefrom by the flow of secondary combustion air through the annular space between the simmer and main burners.

The burner includes means for positively lighting the gas issuing from one port from llames at another port. This means includes gas escapement means located between the ports 5U comprising, in this embodiment of the invention, smaller ports defined by a relatively narrow or low slot 60 extending around the periphery of the cap, the slot being of a radial width such that communication is provided between the slot and the various cavities 54. The slot may be considered as defining a plurality of generally outwardly flared ports between the main ports 50 projecting gas angularly in opposite directions between the ports 50.

A more efficient interconnection flame between the ports 50 is provided by reducing the radial width of the slot between the ports, which is accomplished by making the upper portion of the cap with a series of generally rounded indentations 62, thereby giving the cap a generally scalloped periphery. As a result of this construction, the ports 59 have their outer ends disposed at the greatest radial distance from the center of the burner, whereas the portions of the slot 60 between the ports 59 are located inwardly. Consequently, gas flowing from the cavities 54 is directed not only outwardly butl in opposite directions along the slot 60, thereby to provide a substantially continuous ribbon of flame extending between the main flames.

In order to prevent blowing oil of the flames of the simmer burner because of the upward sweep of the secondary air and of combustion products from lighter ports which may be located below the simmer burner, there is provided an annular ledge or baille 64. The baille is located a short distance below the ports and slot vand keeps the secondary air and products of combustion away from the flames so that they will not interfere with the efficient combustion of the simmer burner names.

The number of ports may be varied, although six has been found to be a convenient number. With this relatively small number of ports, gas may be supplied at a full rate to provide the heat required to maintain boiling in a normal cooking operation and yet it is distributed over a wide area even with cooking utensils having a poor heat conductivity. The relative sizes of the ports 50 and slot 60 may be varied to secure the desired results. In the simmer burner, which is illustrated full size in Figs. 1 and 2 and intended for natural gas, the slot has a vertical height or width of .025 and there are six ports drilled with a #42 drill. For manufactured gas, the ports may be drilled with a #49 drill and the slot has a height of .020. The diameter of the baiile 64 is 1%. The larger diameter of the scalloped portion is and the smaller' diameter is .630". The width cf cavities 54 is 1/8 and the inside diameter of the slot 50 is agg". Excellent results have been obtained with burners constructed with the above dimensions. The ports should preferably be small enough to avoid noise caused by the extinction of flames and to avoid flashbacks but suiiiciently large so that in an intermediate position of the valve, the lighter flame through which the simmer burner is lighted is extinguished before the simmer burner flames are extinguished.

The stability of the burner at low input rates and thus over a wider range of adjustment is improved by the above described construction including a small number of relatively large burner ports having restricted gas escapement means therebetween. The gas escapement means supplies sufficient gas at high input rates to insure the transfer of ignition from one burner port to the next, but minimizes flow at lower input rates so that most of the gas is discharged through the few large ports and the ames at these ports are maintained in a stable condition.

It is believed that the advantages and operation of a burner constructed in accordance with the present invention will be apparent from the foregoing detailed description thereof but these will be reviewed briefly. In the first place, the simmer burner may be constructed readily and economically by known manufacturing processes. The cap may be constructed as a die casting from suitable material such as aluminum alloy. The ports 50 and slots 60 may be readily formed therein as by drilling and milling operations. The bushing lil may be manufactured, also from aluminum alloy, in quantity as by screw machines and the cap and bushing may be readily assembled together to form an assembly which can be easily and simply attached to the upper end of the simmer burner mixer tube I8.

Gas from the mixer tube iiows to the central recess and the cavities in the cap through the opening 52 in the bushing. The gas escapes from the cavities through the ports 50 and through gas escapement means provided by the port dening slot 62. The gas flowing from the ports 50 burns as a series of distinct ames which are projected radially and horizontally outwardly to a considerable distance to provide heat distribution over a wide area. The gas flowing through the slot 60 is projected angularly and provides a substantially continuous ribbon of flame extending around the burner thereby insuring that the gas issuing from the various ports will be properly ignited. The restricted flow of gas through the slot also improves the stability of the burner at low input rates because most of the gas issues through the ports 50 and the ame is thus better maintained even when the gas supply is reduced to a very low rate.

In the embodiment of the invention described above, gas is supplied to the ports 50 and the gas escapement means dened by slot 60 through the cavities 54 but other arrangements may be used. For instance, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. '7 to 10, the ports and the gas escapement means are separated, at least at their inner ends. One advantage of the separation is that it enables the burner cap to be constructed with a generally circular configuration.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 10, it will be noted that the burner has been illustrated as a simmer burner used in conjunction with a double burner of the same general type as that illustrated in the previous embodiment and that it includes a cap 19 secured to the upper end of a bushing I6 which is identical in construction with the bushing I5 of the previous embodiment.

The cap includes a series of generally horizontal and radially outwardly extending ports 12 providing communication from a central chamber or recess 14 to the circular exterior 16 of the cap. Here again six such ports are illustrated.

The cap includes also gas escapement means comprising a port defining slot 18 of uniform radial width interconnecting the ports and communicating with the recess 14 through a kplurality of cavities 10 disposed centrally between the ports 12. Sufficient gas for good lighting purposes is supplied to the slot 18 through the cavities 19 and the ports 12. Furthermore, sufficient gas is provided for good lighting even though the cap be constructed with a circular exterior, as the slot again defines a plurality of generally outwardly flared ports.

In accordance with another feature of the invention, it is contemplated that the burner cap may be constructed of two parts which can be readily fabricated and then examined to form a burner cap. In addition, it is contemplated that the main gas outlet ports need not be aligned when the gas escapement means, but may be located in proximity thereto. The two foregoing features are embodied in the burner construction illustrated in Figs. 11 to 14, to which reference is now had.

The burner cap of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 11 to 14 is indicated as a whole by reference character 80. The cap is made of two parts, a bottom member B2 and a top member Si. The former is adapted to be secured to the bushing I6 as by a press fit and the crimping 85, as best illustrated in Figs. l1 and ,12. It also includes the baffle or ledge 64 which is located below the plurality of ports 86 preferably disposed near the upper end of the lower part 82 of the cap.

The two cap members are provided with similar central recesses 88 and 90 and similar internal radial angularly spaced apart cavities 92 and 94, respectively, which are aligned vertically when the two members are assembled together, as by a press fit. The two parts of the burner cap are preferably held together by a press fit between the downwardly extending segmental dependent portions 96 of the top member tting into a central recess 98 in the bottom member and abutting against segmental portions |60 in the latter.

The gas escapement means between the ports 8B comprises a port defining slot |02 provided at the exterior or" the burner cap assembly by a space at the exterior portions of the two parts, the height of the space being determined by the relative lengths of the depending portions 96 and the recess 93. The portions 96 have a length somewhat greater than the depth of the recess so that when the two parts are assembled, the outer portion of the top member 84 is spaced from the upper, outer portion of the bottom member 82, thereby to provide the slot |02. The slot may be located either above or below the ports 86.

Gas is supplied to the gas escapement means from the aligned cavities 92 and 94, and, as in the first described embodiment of the invention, the outer portion of the burner cap assembly is provided with a series of indentations |04 to insure more eiiicient lighting over and maintenance of a flame.

The two-part construction of the burner in the last described embodiment of the invention facilitates the construction of the burner by diecasting methods as the configurations of the two parts are simplied for production purposes. In addition, the construction eliminates the necessity of milling the slot in the cap.

While but a limited number of embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it is contemplated that various other modifications may be made therein and that the specic details of the described embodiments are not to be construed as limitative of the construction except in so far as set forth in the accompanying claims.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A gas burner including a burner chamber, a plurality of angularly spaced apart ports communicating with said chamber and of a size to produce jets of ame extendingr a substantial distance beyond the cuter periphery of the burner, and means including a narrow slot also communicating with said chamber and extending substantially around the burner and disposed above and in ignition relation to said first mentioned ports dening smaller ports circumferentially between said first mentioned ports for providing a ribbon of iiame extending substantially around the burner to ignite gas issuing from the first mentioned ports.

2. A gas burner, including in combination, a peripherally scalloped structure defining a chamber including a plurality of radial cavities extending into the projecting parts of the scalloped structure and a narrow peripheral slot extending around the burner and intersecting with said cavities, thereby to define gas escapement ports communicating with said cavities, and said structure having other gas escapement ports located at the outer ends of said cavities and in alignment with the slot, said ports having a diameter greater than the width of the slot communicating with said cavities.

3. A gas burner, including in combination, a peripherally scalloped structure defining a chamber including a plurality of radial cavities extending into the projecting parts of the scalloped structure and a narrow peripheral slot extending around the burner and intersecting with the outer ends of said cavities, thereby to dene gas escapement ports communicating with said cavities, and said structure having larger gas esca-pement ports located at the outer ends of said cavities and below and in ignition relation to the slot.

4. A gas burner, including in combination, a rst member having a series of angularly spaced apart radially extending cavities at one side thereof, a second member secured to the rst member and having a series of similar angularly spaced apart radially extending cavities therein aligned with those in said first member, and gas escapement parts in one of said members extending to the outer ends of the cavities in said member, said members also having vertically spaced apart outer peripheral portions defining a peripheral slot extending around the burner and communicating with the outer ends of said cavities and in ignition relation to said ports.

5. A simmer gas burner, including in combination, a top member having a generally scalloped upper peripheral portion and a generally circular lower portion oi a predetermined height, a plurality of radial cavities at the under side of said top member extending outwardly beyond the periphery of the circular lower portion, and a bottom member having a generally scalloped peripheral portion and internal cavities corresponding to those in the top member and gas escapement ports at the outer ends of said cavities, and said bottom member having a generally circular central recess adapted to receive the Circular lower portion of the top member, the depth of said recess being less than the height of the circular lower part of the top member, whereby the outer peripheral portions of the top and bottom members provide a peripheral slot in ignition relation to said gas escapement ports when the two members are assembled with the lower circular part of the top member in the circular recess in the bottom member.

6. A simmer gas burner, including in combination, a top member having a generally scalloped upper peripheral portion and a generally circular lower portion of a predetermined height, a plurality of radial cavities at the under side of said top member extending outwardly beyond the periphery of the circular lower portion, and a bottom member having a generally scalloped peripheral portion and internal cavities corresponding to those in the top member and gas escapement ports at the outer ends of said cavities, said bottom member having a generally circular central recess adapted to receive the circular lower portion of the top member, the depth of said recess being less than the height of the circular lower part of the top member, whereby the outer peripheral portions of the top and bottom members provide a peripheral slot in ignition relation to said ports when the two members are assembled with the lower circular part of the top member in the circular recess in the bottom member, and said bottom member having also an annular peripheral ledge below said ports and slot, said ledge having a diameter greater than the largest diamer of the top and bottom members.

7. A gas burner, including in combination, a peripherally scalloped structure defining a chamber including a plurality of radial cavities extending into the projecting parts of the scalloped structure, and a narrow peripheral slot extending around the burner and intersecting with substantial portions of said cavities, thereby to define gas escapement ports communicating with said cavities, and said structure having other gas escapement ports communicating with the outer ends of said cavities, said last mentioned ports having a diameter greater than the width of the slot communicating with said cavities and being in ignition relation to said first mentioned ports.

8. A gas burner, including in combination, a peripherally scalloped structure dening a chamber including a plurality of radial cavities extending into the projecting parts of the scalloped structure, and a narrow peripheral slot extending around the burner and intersecting with substantial portions of said cavities, thereby to define outwardly directed gas escapement ports communicating with said cavities, and said structure having at its greater diameter portions other outwardly directed gas escapement ports in proximity to the rst communicating with said chamber and of a diameter greater than the width of the slot communicating with said cavities.

9. A small diameter gas burner structure having a plurality of radial spaced cavities, radial ports extending into said cavities of a size to produce jets of flame extending radially a substantial distance beyond the outer periphery of the burner, and gas escapement means including a narrow peripheral slot intersecting with said cavities thereby to define restricted ports between adjacent ones of said rst mentioned ports and in ignition relation to said first mentioned ports and facing somewhat toward each other for transferring ignition between said rst mentioned ports.

10. A gas burner, including in combination, structure defining a chamber including a central recess and a plurality of radially extending cavities each of substantially uniform width emanating therefrom, a narrow peripheral slot extending around the burner and intersecting with the outer ends of said cavities, thereby to define gas escapement ports opening outwardly and sideways from the outer ends of said cavities,

10 and said structure having other angularly spaced apart ports communicating with said chamber and of greater diameter than the height of said slot in ignition relation to said slot.

PHILIP S. HARPER. VINCENT C. PETERSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the iile of this patent:

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